Which of the following is associated with a negative Public Sector Net

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Which of the following is associated with a negative Public Sector Net Cash Requirement?

The government is running a budget deficit.

The government's expenditure exceeds its income

The government is running a budget surplus

Public Sector Debt Repayment (PSDR) is high.

Rationale: A budget surplus occurs when a government's income exceeds its expenditure: there is a negative PSNCR or PSDR. When a government's expenditure exceeds its income, so that it must borrow to make up the difference, there is a positive PSNCR and we say that the government is running a budget deficit.Ways in: If you recognised that a negative PSNC means no borrowing, you might have been able to start eliminating someoptions

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Which of the following is not an element of fiscal policy?

Government spending

Government borrowing

Taxation

Exchange rates

For demographic purposes, which of the following is not a variable in the identification of social class?

Income level

Lifestyle

Occupation

Education

Which of the following would be identified as a cultural trend?

Health and safety legislation

Concern with health and diet

Increasing age of the population

Three of the following strategies are closely related. Which is the exception?

Downsizing

Delegating

Outsourcing

Delayering

In Porter's five forces model, which of the following would not constitute a 'barrier to entry'?

Scale economies available to existing competitors

High capital investment requirements

Low switching costs in the market